SDL+OpenGL Texture not Rendering-- HELP!

[OmenFelix]

Hey guys, I've been trying to get this damn texture to render, but OpenGL won't render the texture.

Here is the code for lsRender.cpp which has all the functions for rendering:

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#include "lsGlobals.h"
#include "lsRender.h"

ls::Gfx ls::Render::load(std::string address, GLuint *texture, GLenum *textureFormat, GLint *nOfColors){
	address = "media/" + address + ".bmp";
	Gfx gfx = IMG_Load(address.c_str()); //IMG_Load used instead of SDL_LoadBMP because it can load converted images

	if(gfx == NULL){
		ls::Utils::errorReport("Failed to load image: " + address);
		return gfx;
	}

	/*gfx = SDL_DisplayFormat(gfx);
	ls::Render::censor(gfx, ls::Utils::genColorKey(gfx, 255, 0, 255));*/
 
        *nOfColors = gfx->format->BytesPerPixel;
        if (*nOfColors == 4)
        {
                if (gfx->format->Rmask == 0x000000ff)
                        *textureFormat = GL_RGBA;
                else
                        *textureFormat = GL_BGRA;
        } else if (*nOfColors == 3)
        {
                if (gfx->format->Rmask == 0x000000ff)
                        *textureFormat = GL_RGB;
                else
                        *textureFormat = GL_BGR;
        } else {
                printf("warning: the image is not truecolor..  this will probably break\n");
                // this error should not go unhandled
        }

	glGenTextures( 1, texture );
	glBindTexture( GL_TEXTURE_2D, *texture );
    glTexParameteri( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR );
    glTexParameteri( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR );
	glTexImage2D( GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, *nOfColors, gfx->w, gfx->h, 0,
                      *textureFormat, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, gfx->pixels );

	return gfx;
}

void ls::Render::render(Gfx gfx, ls::Frame frame, ls::Frame clip, GLuint texture, GLenum textureFormat, GLint  nOfColors) {
	/*ls::Vec2d a = ls::Utils::genVec2d((clip.x - 1) * (1 / (256 / clip.w)), (clip.y- 1) * (1 / (256 / clip.h)));
	ls::Vec2d b = ls::Utils::genVec2d(clip.x * (1 / (256 / clip.w)), (clip.y - 1) * (1 / (256 / clip.h)));
	ls::Vec2d c = ls::Utils::genVec2d(clip.x * (1 / (256 / clip.w)), clip.y * (1 / (256 / clip.h)));
	ls::Vec2d d = ls::Utils::genVec2d((clip.x - 1) * (1 / (256 / clip.w)), clip.y * (1 / (256 / clip.h)));*/

	//SDL_BlitSurface(gfx, &clip,ls::screen, &frame);
	glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture);

	glTranslatef(frame.x, frame.y, 0);
	glBegin(GL_QUADS);
		glTexCoord2f((GLfloat) clip.x*clip.w, (GLfloat) clip.y*clip.h);
		glVertex2f(0, 0);

		glTexCoord2f((GLfloat) (clip.x+1)*clip.w, (GLfloat) clip.y*clip.h);
		glVertex2f(clip.w, 0);

        glTexCoord2f((GLfloat) (clip.x+1)*clip.w, (GLfloat) (clip.y+1)*clip.h);
        glVertex2f(clip.w, clip.h);

        glTexCoord2f((GLfloat) clip.x*clip.w, (GLfloat) (clip.y+1)*clip.h);
        glVertex2f(0, clip.h);
	glEnd();

	glLoadIdentity();
}

void ls::Render::censor(ls::Gfx gfx, Uint32 colorKey) {
	 SDL_SetColorKey(gfx, SDL_SRCCOLORKEY, colorKey);
}

void ls::Render::free(Gfx gfx){
	SDL_FreeSurface(gfx);
[code]

}

void ls::Render::clear() {
SDL_FillRect(screen,NULL,SDL_MapRGB(screen->format,0,0,0));
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
}

void ls::Render::sync() {
SDL_Flip(ls::screen);
SDL_GL_SwapBuffers();
}
[/code]

Here is the code for lsSprite.cpp which wraps over the lsRender functions in a 'Sprite'-way:

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#include "lsSprite.h"
#include <iostream>

ls::Sprite::Sprite(){
}
	
ls::Sprite::Sprite(std::string address, ls::Frame bodyFrame, ls::Frame clipFrame){
	ls::Sprite::load(address);
	body = bodyFrame;
	clip = clipFrame;
	show=false;
}

ls::Sprite::~Sprite(){
	ls::Render::free(gfx);
}
	
void ls::Sprite::load(std::string address){
	gfx = ls::Render::load(SPRITES_FOLDER + address, &texture, &textureFormat, &nOfColors);
}
	
void ls::Sprite::render() {
	ls::Render::render(gfx, body, clip, texture, textureFormat, nOfColors);
}

Here is Game.cpp which basically invokes the main engine and makes use of the lsSprite class(which makes use of the lsRender class), to draw Crono onto the screen(or should do):

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#include "LunarSanity.h"

ls::Sprite *crono;

void ls::start() {
}

void ls::load() {
	crono = new ls::Sprite("crono", ls::Utils::genFrame(32, 0, 32, 64), ls::Utils::genFrame(1, 1, 32, 64));
}

void ls::gameplay() {
	glColor3f(255, 255, 255);
	crono->render();

	glTranslatef(200.0f, 100.0f, 0.0f);

	glRotatef(135.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);

	glScalef(2.0f, 2.0f, 0.0f);

	glBegin(GL_QUADS);
		glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
		glVertex3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);

		glColor3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
		glVertex3f(32.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); 

		glColor3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
		glVertex3f(32.0f, 64.0f, 0.0f);

		glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
		glVertex3f(0.0f, 64.0f, 0.0f);
	glEnd();

	glLoadIdentity();
}

void ls::keyboard(short type) {
}

void ls::end() {
}

Can anyone please tell me why it only renders a white quadrilateral instead of Crono?
NOTE: As you can see in the console there are no load errors for finding the image. The problem lies either in formatting the image correctly(the texture crap after loading the image), somewhere in my GLuint* crap(doubt it), or the actually rendering of the image its self.

BTW here's the main function's contents:

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SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_EVERYTHING);
	TTF_Init();
	SDL_WM_SetCaption("Lunar Sanity", NULL);
	SDL_ShowCursor(SDL_DISABLE);
	ls::start();
	SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_DOUBLEBUFFER, 1);

#ifdef _DEBUG_
	ls::screen = SDL_SetVideoMode(ls::screenWidth, ls::screenHeight, ls::screenBpp, SDL_OPENGL|SDL_HWSURFACE|SDL_DOUBLEBUF);
#else
	ls::screen=SDL_SetVideoMode(ls::screenWidth, ls::screenHeight, ls::screenBpp, SDL_OPENGL|SDL_FULLSCREEN|SDL_HWSURFACE|SDL_DOUBLEBUF);
#endif

	glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
	glEnable(GL_BLEND);
	glClearColor(0, 0, 0, 0);
	glMatrixMode( GL_PROJECTION ); 
	glLoadIdentity();
	glOrtho(0, ls::screenWidth, ls::screenHeight, 0, -1, 1);
	glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
	glLoadIdentity();

	ls::load();

#ifndef _DS_
	splash = new ls::Sprite(ls::UI_FOLDER + "logo", 0, 32, 512, 512);
	splash->render();
	ls::sync();
	ls::sleep(2000);
#endif

	while(!ls::isEnd){
		ls::Utils::sleep(100);
		ls::Render::sync();
		ls::Render::clear();
		ls::gameplay();
		ls::Render::sync();

		if(CONTROL_HIT(&ls::event)){
			ls::keyboard(ls::event.type);
		}
	}

	std::cout.flush();
	TTF_Quit();
	SDL_Quit();
	ls::Utils::close();

Thanks in advance.

[bbguimaraes]

Well, there's no way I'm looking through all that code, but some things that made my textures not render in the past (in order of annoyance/time needed to find):

• Wrong file path.
• Not enabling GL_TEXTURE_2D (or using GL_TEXTURE instead). Sometimes I would disable it in some part of the code and forget to enable it again.
• Loading them before initializing the OGL context or in another context.

Also, see if there are no OGL errors (glGetError(), I think) and try loading other images (like a simple black rectangle bmp).

[OmenFelix]

Well, there's no way I'm looking through all that code, but some things that made my textures not render in the past (in order of annoyance/time needed to find):

• Wrong file path.
• Not enabling GL_TEXTURE_2D (or using GL_TEXTURE instead). Sometimes I would disable it in some part of the code and forget to enable it again.
• Loading them before initializing the OGL context or in another context.

Also, see if there are no OGL errors (glGetError(), I think) and try loading other images (like a simple black rectangle bmp).

Well it's using the right file path.
I have enabled GL_TEXTURE_2D.
And I get no errors from OGL.

When using this new code as the ls::Render::render(...):

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        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture);
	glScalef(2.0f, 2.0f, 2.0f);
	glTranslatef(frame.x, frame.y, 0);
	
	glBegin(GL_QUADS);
		glTexCoord2f((GLfloat) clip.x*clip.w, (GLfloat) clip.y*clip.h);
		glVertex2f(0, 0);

		glTexCoord2f((GLfloat) (clip.x+1)*clip.w, (GLfloat) clip.y*clip.h);
		glVertex2f(clip.w, 0);

        glTexCoord2f((GLfloat) (clip.x+1)*clip.w, (GLfloat) (clip.y+1)*clip.h);
        glVertex2f(clip.w, clip.h);

        glTexCoord2f((GLfloat) clip.x*clip.w, (GLfloat) (clip.y+1)*clip.h);
        glVertex2f(0, clip.h);
	glEnd();

        glLoadIdentity();

Whilst trying to draw bawx.bmp, I get a tiled version of the bawx image to a scale of 2(won't render unless it's the scale of 2 for some crazy reason). WTF is wrong, seriously??

[bbguimaraes]

Are you aware that glTexCoord2f takes the uv values as a parameter, which are inside the range [0.0f,1.0f], not as world coordinates? You seem to be using the later, which causes the texture to be rendered (width*height) times, in this tiled fashion. For simple textures (i.e., the ones that span the whole tile, having the same dimensions), you should use:

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// Bottom-left.
glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f);
glVertex2f(0.0f, 0.0f);

// Bottom-right.
glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f);
glVertex2f(width, 0.0f);

// Upper-right.
glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f);
glVertex2f(width, height);

// Upper-left.
glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f);
glVertex2f(0.0f, height);

Or something like that, you get the idea.

[OmenFelix]

Are you aware that glTexCoord2f takes the uv values as a parameter, which are inside the range [0.0f,1.0f], not as world coordinates? You seem to be using the later, which causes the texture to be rendered (width*height) times, in this tiled fashion. For simple textures (i.e., the ones that span the whole tile, having the same dimensions), you should use:

Code: Select all

// Bottom-left.
glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f);
glVertex2f(0.0f, 0.0f);

// Bottom-right.
glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f);
glVertex2f(width, 0.0f);

// Upper-right.
glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f);
glVertex2f(width, height);

// Upper-left.
glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f);
glVertex2f(0.0f, height);

Or something like that, you get the idea.

I can counteract that with this code usually(but just renders a magenta quadrilateral):

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        ls::Vec2d a = ls::Utils::genVec2d((clip.x - 1) * (1 / (256 / clip.w)), (clip.y- 1) * (1 / (256 / clip.h)));
	ls::Vec2d b = ls::Utils::genVec2d(clip.x * (1 / (256 / clip.w)), (clip.y - 1) * (1 / (256 / clip.h)));
	ls::Vec2d c = ls::Utils::genVec2d(clip.x * (1 / (256 / clip.w)), clip.y * (1 / (256 / clip.h)));
	ls::Vec2d d = ls::Utils::genVec2d((clip.x - 1) * (1 / (256 / clip.w)), clip.y * (1 / (256 / clip.h)));

	glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture);
	glTranslatef(frame.x, frame.y, 0);
	
	glBegin(GL_QUADS);
		glTexCoord2f(a.x, a.y);
		glVertex2f(0, 0);

		glTexCoord2f(b.x, b.y);
		glVertex2f(clip.w, 0);

        glTexCoord2f(c.x, c.y);
        glVertex2f(clip.w, clip.h);

        glTexCoord2f(d.x, d.y);
        glVertex2f(0, clip.h);
	glEnd();

       glLoadIdentity();

[bbguimaraes]

I'm sorry if I'm misunderstanding you, but texture coordinates are specified like the image below (vertexes in black, texture in red). Even if the tile is at position (14,15) and has dimensions (92,65), the texture coordinates will still be (0,0) (1,0) (1,1) (0,1). They specify coordinates "relative to your object" rather than "relative to the world". I really can't understand what you're trying to accomplish with all those calculations for the texture coordinates.

If I'm totally wrong and this doesn't help you at all, I suggest you read this chapter from the Red Book. This is where I learned texture rendering: http://www.glprogramming.com/red/chapter09.html. I'm sure all the information you need is there.

[OmenFelix]

I'm sorry if I'm misunderstanding you, but texture coordinates are specified like the image below (vertexes in black, texture in red). Even if the tile is at position (14,15) and has dimensions (92,65), the texture coordinates will still be (0,0) (1,0) (1,1) (0,1). They specify coordinates "relative to your object" rather than "relative to the world". I really can't understand what you're trying to accomplish with all those calculations for the texture coordinates.

If I'm totally wrong and this doesn't help you at all, I suggest you read this chapter from the Red Book. This is where I learned texture rendering: http://www.glprogramming.com/red/chapter09.html. I'm sure all the information you need is there.

I've decided I'll go about rendering a different way. Thanks anyway though. :P